diff --git a/homeassistant/components/mqtt/sensor.py b/homeassistant/components/mqtt/sensor.py
index bb63ae5fef0..9ba6308e07c 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/mqtt/sensor.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/mqtt/sensor.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ from homeassistant.components.sensor import (
     RestoreSensor,
     SensorDeviceClass,
     SensorExtraStoredData,
+    SensorStateClass,
 )
 from homeassistant.config_entries import ConfigEntry
 from homeassistant.const import (
@@ -84,11 +85,27 @@ _PLATFORM_SCHEMA_BASE = MQTT_RO_SCHEMA.extend(
     }
 ).extend(MQTT_ENTITY_COMMON_SCHEMA.schema)
 
+
+def validate_sensor_state_class_config(config: ConfigType) -> ConfigType:
+    """Validate the sensor state class config."""
+    if (
+        CONF_LAST_RESET_VALUE_TEMPLATE in config
+        and (state_class := config.get(CONF_STATE_CLASS)) != SensorStateClass.TOTAL
+    ):
+        raise vol.Invalid(
+            f"The option `{CONF_LAST_RESET_VALUE_TEMPLATE}` cannot be used "
+            f"together with state class `{state_class}`"
+        )
+
+    return config
+
+
 PLATFORM_SCHEMA_MODERN = vol.All(
     # Deprecated in HA Core 2021.11.0 https://github.com/home-assistant/core/pull/54840
     # Removed in HA Core 2023.6.0
     cv.removed(CONF_LAST_RESET_TOPIC),
     _PLATFORM_SCHEMA_BASE,
+    validate_sensor_state_class_config,
 )
 
 DISCOVERY_SCHEMA = vol.All(
@@ -96,6 +113,7 @@ DISCOVERY_SCHEMA = vol.All(
     # Removed in HA Core 2023.6.0
     cv.removed(CONF_LAST_RESET_TOPIC),
     _PLATFORM_SCHEMA_BASE.extend({}, extra=vol.REMOVE_EXTRA),
+    validate_sensor_state_class_config,
 )
 
 
diff --git a/tests/components/mqtt/test_sensor.py b/tests/components/mqtt/test_sensor.py
index d88bd3a544a..5ab4b660963 100644
--- a/tests/components/mqtt/test_sensor.py
+++ b/tests/components/mqtt/test_sensor.py
@@ -1449,6 +1449,7 @@ async def test_entity_name(
             DEFAULT_CONFIG,
             (
                 {
+                    "state_class": "total",
                     "availability_topic": "availability-topic",
                     "json_attributes_topic": "json-attributes-topic",
                     "value_template": "{{ value_json.state }}",
@@ -1491,6 +1492,7 @@ async def test_skipped_async_ha_write_state(
             DEFAULT_CONFIG,
             (
                 {
+                    "state_class": "total",
                     "value_template": "{{ value_json.some_var * 1 }}",
                     "last_reset_value_template": "{{ value_json.some_var * 2 }}",
                 },
@@ -1510,3 +1512,62 @@ async def test_value_template_fails(
         "TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for *: 'NoneType' and 'int' rendering template"
         in caplog.text
     )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    "hass_config",
+    [
+        help_custom_config(
+            sensor.DOMAIN,
+            DEFAULT_CONFIG,
+            (
+                {
+                    "state_class": "total_increasing",
+                    "last_reset_value_template": "{{ value_json.last_reset }}",
+                },
+            ),
+        ),
+        help_custom_config(
+            sensor.DOMAIN,
+            DEFAULT_CONFIG,
+            (
+                {
+                    "state_class": "measurement",
+                    "last_reset_value_template": "{{ value_json.last_reset }}",
+                },
+            ),
+        ),
+        help_custom_config(
+            sensor.DOMAIN,
+            DEFAULT_CONFIG,
+            (
+                {
+                    "last_reset_value_template": "{{ value_json.last_reset }}",
+                },
+            ),
+        ),
+    ],
+)
+async def test_value_incorrect_state_class_config(
+    hass: HomeAssistant,
+    mqtt_mock_entry: MqttMockHAClientGenerator,
+    caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture,
+    hass_config: ConfigType,
+) -> None:
+    """Test a sensor config with incorrect state_class config fails from yaml or discovery."""
+    await mqtt_mock_entry()
+    assert (
+        "The option `last_reset_value_template` cannot be used together with state class"
+        in caplog.text
+    )
+    caplog.clear()
+
+    config_payload = hass_config[mqtt.DOMAIN][sensor.DOMAIN][0]
+    async_fire_mqtt_message(
+        hass, "homeassistant/sensor/bla/config", json.dumps(config_payload)
+    )
+    await hass.async_block_till_done()
+    assert (
+        "The option `last_reset_value_template` cannot be used together with state class"
+        in caplog.text
+    )