diff --git a/homeassistant/core.py b/homeassistant/core.py
index 1993e657368..47b52d9ff76 100644
--- a/homeassistant/core.py
+++ b/homeassistant/core.py
@@ -1753,6 +1753,17 @@ class ServiceRegistry:
         """
         return service.lower() in self._services.get(domain.lower(), [])
 
+    def supports_response(self, domain: str, service: str) -> SupportsResponse:
+        """Return whether or not the service supports response data.
+
+        This exists so that callers can return more helpful error messages given
+        the context. Will return NONE if the service does not exist as there is
+        other error handling when calling the service if it does not exist.
+        """
+        if not (handler := self._services[domain][service]):
+            return SupportsResponse.NONE
+        return handler.supports_response
+
     def register(
         self,
         domain: str,
diff --git a/homeassistant/helpers/script.py b/homeassistant/helpers/script.py
index ee4346ff388..93d04d5f6df 100644
--- a/homeassistant/helpers/script.py
+++ b/homeassistant/helpers/script.py
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ from homeassistant.core import (
     Event,
     HassJob,
     HomeAssistant,
+    SupportsResponse,
     callback,
 )
 from homeassistant.util import slugify
@@ -661,12 +662,30 @@ class _ScriptRun:
             self._hass, self._action, self._variables
         )
 
+        # Validate response data paraters. This check ignores services that do
+        # not exist which will raise an appropriate error in the service call below.
+        response_variable = self._action.get(CONF_RESPONSE_VARIABLE)
+        return_response = response_variable is not None
+        if self._hass.services.has_service(params[CONF_DOMAIN], params[CONF_SERVICE]):
+            supports_response = self._hass.services.supports_response(
+                params[CONF_DOMAIN], params[CONF_SERVICE]
+            )
+            if supports_response == SupportsResponse.ONLY and not return_response:
+                raise vol.Invalid(
+                    f"Script requires '{CONF_RESPONSE_VARIABLE}' for response data "
+                    f"for service call {params[CONF_DOMAIN]}.{params[CONF_SERVICE]}"
+                )
+            if supports_response == SupportsResponse.NONE and return_response:
+                raise vol.Invalid(
+                    f"Script does not support '{CONF_RESPONSE_VARIABLE}' for service "
+                    f"'{CONF_RESPONSE_VARIABLE}' which does not support response data."
+                )
+
         running_script = (
             params[CONF_DOMAIN] == "automation"
             and params[CONF_SERVICE] == "trigger"
             or params[CONF_DOMAIN] in ("python_script", "script")
         )
-        response_variable = self._action.get(CONF_RESPONSE_VARIABLE)
         trace_set_result(params=params, running_script=running_script)
         response_data = await self._async_run_long_action(
             self._hass.async_create_task(
@@ -674,7 +693,7 @@ class _ScriptRun:
                     **params,
                     blocking=True,
                     context=self._context,
-                    return_response=(response_variable is not None),
+                    return_response=return_response,
                 )
             ),
         )
diff --git a/tests/helpers/test_script.py b/tests/helpers/test_script.py
index de13557024a..7f66ec25977 100644
--- a/tests/helpers/test_script.py
+++ b/tests/helpers/test_script.py
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ from homeassistant.core import (
     HomeAssistant,
     ServiceCall,
     ServiceResponse,
+    SupportsResponse,
     callback,
 )
 from homeassistant.exceptions import ConditionError, HomeAssistantError, ServiceNotFound
@@ -333,7 +334,7 @@ async def test_calling_service_template(hass: HomeAssistant) -> None:
 async def test_calling_service_response_data(
     hass: HomeAssistant, caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixture
 ) -> None:
-    """Test the calling of a service with return values."""
+    """Test the calling of a service with response data."""
     context = Context()
 
     def mock_service(call: ServiceCall) -> ServiceResponse:
@@ -342,7 +343,9 @@ async def test_calling_service_response_data(
             return {"data": "value-12345"}
         return None
 
-    hass.services.async_register("test", "script", mock_service, supports_response=True)
+    hass.services.async_register(
+        "test", "script", mock_service, supports_response=SupportsResponse.OPTIONAL
+    )
     sequence = cv.SCRIPT_SCHEMA(
         [
             {
@@ -404,6 +407,50 @@ async def test_calling_service_response_data(
     )
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize(
+    ("supports_response", "params", "expected_error"),
+    [
+        (
+            SupportsResponse.NONE,
+            {"response_variable": "foo"},
+            "does not support 'response_variable'",
+        ),
+        (SupportsResponse.ONLY, {}, "requires 'response_variable'"),
+    ],
+)
+async def test_service_response_data_errors(
+    hass: HomeAssistant,
+    supports_response: SupportsResponse,
+    params: dict[str, str],
+    expected_error: str,
+) -> None:
+    """Test the calling of a service with response data error cases."""
+    context = Context()
+
+    def mock_service(call: ServiceCall) -> ServiceResponse:
+        """Mock service call."""
+        raise ValueError("Never invoked")
+
+    hass.services.async_register(
+        "test", "script", mock_service, supports_response=supports_response
+    )
+
+    sequence = cv.SCRIPT_SCHEMA(
+        [
+            {
+                "alias": "service step1",
+                "service": "test.script",
+                **params,
+            },
+        ]
+    )
+    script_obj = script.Script(hass, sequence, "Test Name", "test_domain")
+
+    with pytest.raises(vol.Invalid, match=expected_error):
+        await script_obj.async_run(context=context)
+        await hass.async_block_till_done()
+
+
 async def test_data_template_with_templated_key(hass: HomeAssistant) -> None:
     """Test the calling of a service with a data_template with a templated key."""
     context = Context()